A Deep Learning-Based Approach to Power Minimization in Multi-Carrier NOMA With SWIPT

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) and multi-carrier non-orthogonal multiple access (MC-NOMA) are promising technologies for future fifth generation and beyond wireless networks due to their potential capabilities in energy-efficient and spectrum-efficient system designs, respectively. In this paper, the joint downlink resource allocation problem for a SWIPT-enabled MC-NOMA system with time switching-based receivers is investigated, where pattern division multiple access (PDMA) technique is employed. We focus on minimizing the total transmit power of the system while satisfying the quality-of-service requirements of each user in terms of data rate and harvested power. The corresponding optimization problem is a non-convex and a mixed integer programming problem which is difficult to solve. Different from the conventional iterative searching-based algorithms, we propose an efficient deep learning-based approach to determine an approximated optimal solution. Specifically, we employ a typical class of deep learning model, namely, deep belief network (DBN), where the detailed procedure of the developed approach consists of three parts, i.e., data preparation, training, and running. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DBN-based approach can achieve similar performance of power consumption to the exhaustive search method. Furthermore, the results also confirm that MC-NOMA with PDMA outperforms MC-NOMA with sparse code multiple access, single-carrier non-orthogonal multiple access, and orthogonal frequency division multiple access in terms of power consumption in SWIPT-enabled systems.