A reactive oxygen species-generating, cancer stem cell-potent manganese(ii) complex and its encapsulation into polymeric nanoparticles.pdf (1.31 MB)
A reactive oxygen species-generating, cancer stem cell-potent manganese(ii) complex and its encapsulation into polymeric nanoparticles.
journal contribution
posted on 2019-10-23, 08:58 authored by Arvin Eskandari, Kogularamanan SuntharalingamIntracellular redox modulation offers a viable approach to effectively remove cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of tumour cells thought to be responsible for cancer recurrence and metastasis. Here we report the breast CSC potency of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating manganese(ii)- and copper(ii)-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline complexes bearing diclofenac, a nonsteriodial anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), 1 and 3. Notably, the manganese(ii) complex, 1, exhibits 9-fold, 31-fold, and 40-fold greater potency towards breast CSCs than 3, salinomycin (an established breast CSC-potent agent), and cisplatin (a clinically approved anticancer drug) respectively. Encouragingly, 1 displays 61-fold higher potency toward breast CSCs than normal skin fibroblast cells. Clinically relevant epithelial spheroid studies show that 1 is able to selectively inhibit breast CSC-enriched HMLER-shEcad mammosphere formation and viability (one order of magnitude) over non-tumorigenic breast MCF10A spheroids. Mechanistic studies show that 1 prompts breast CSC death by generating intracellular ROS and inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. The manganese(ii) complex, 1, induces a greater degree of intracellular ROS in CSCs than the corresponding copper(ii) complex, 3, highlighting the ROS-generating superiority of manganese(ii)- over copper(ii)-phenanthroline complexes. Encapsulation of 1 by biodegradable methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PEG-PLGA) copolymers at the appropriate feed (5%, 1 NP5 ) enhances breast CSC uptake and greatly reduces overall toxicity. The nanoparticle formulation 1 NP5 indiscriminately kills breast CSCs and bulk breast cancer cells, and evokes a similar cellular response to the payload, 1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the anti-CSC properties of managense complexes and to demonstrate that polymeric nanoparticles can be used to effectively deliver managense complexes into CSCs.
Funding
K. S. thanks the Leverhulme Trust (ECF-2014-178) for funding to start this project. A. E. is supported by a King's College London Faculty Graduate School International Studentship. We thank Prof. Robert Weinberg for providing the HMLER and HMLER-shEcad cell lines used in this study.
History
Citation
Chemical Science, 2019, 10 (33), pp. 7792-7800Author affiliation
/Organisation/COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING/Department of ChemistryVersion
- VoR (Version of Record)