Associations of microvascular complications with all-cause death in patients with diabetes and COVID-19: The CORONADO, ABCD COVID-19 UK national audit and AMERICADO study groups
Aim
To provide a detailled analysis of the microvascular burden in patients with diabetes hopitalized for COVD-19.
Materials and Methods
We analysed data from the French CORONADO initiative and the UK Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD) COVID-19 audit, two nationwide multicentre studies, and the AMERICADO, a multicentre study conducted in New York area. We assessed the association between risk of all-cause death during hospital stay and the following microvascular complications in patients with diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19: diabetic retinopathy and/or diabetic kidney disease and/or history of diabetic foot ulcer.
Results
Among 2951 CORONADO, 3387 ABCD COVID-19 audit and 9327 AMERICADO participants, microvascular diabetic complications status was ascertained for 1314 (44.5%), 1809 (53.4%) and 7367 (79.0%) patients, respectively: 1010, 1059 and 1800, respectively, had ≥1 severe microvascular complication(s) and 304, 750 and 5567, respectively, were free of any complications. The patients with isolated diabetic kidney disease had an increased risk of all-cause death during hospital stay: odds ratio [OR] 2.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.66-3.83), OR 1.24 (95% CI 1.00-1.56) and OR 1.66 (95% CI 1.40-1.95) in the CORONADO, the ABCD COVID-19 national audit and the AMERICADO studies, respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), compared to those without microvascular complications, patients with microvascular complications had an increased risk of all-cause death during hospital stay in the CORONADO, the ABCD COVID-19 diabetes national audit and the AMERICADO studies: adjusted OR (adjOR) 2.57 (95% CI 1.69-3.92), adjOR 1.22 (95% CI 1.00-1.52) and adjOR 1.33 (95% CI 1.15-1.53), respectively. In meta-analysis of the three studies, compared to patients free of complications, those with microvascular complications had an unadjusted OR for all-cause death during hospital stay of 2.05 (95% CI 1.42-2.97), which decreased to 1.62 (95% CI 1.19-2.119) after adjustment for age and sex, and to 1.50 (1.12-2.02) after hypertension and CVD were further added to the model.
Conclusion
Microvascular burden is associated with an increased risk of death in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Funding
the Fondation Francophone de Recherche sur le Diabète, supported by Novo Nordisk, MSD, Abbott, AstraZeneca, Lilly and the Fédération Française des Diabétiques—CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Société Francophone du Diabète—CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Air Liquide Health Care international. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Allergan. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; AstraZeneca. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Elivie. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Fortil. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Lifescan. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Nantes Métropole. NHC. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Novo Nordisk. CORONADO initiative emergency grant; Sanofi. CORONADO emergency grant; PHRC National COVID-19 Hospitalization and Care Organization Division (DGOS) as part of the Hospital Clinical Research Program (PHRC COVID-19-20-0138). The ABCD Nationwide COVID-19 & Diabetes is an independent audit which has received support from Public Health Wales and Novo Nordisk
History
Author affiliation
Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of LeicesterVersion
- VoR (Version of Record)