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Cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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posted on 2018-04-23, 15:11 authored by Rupert W. Major, Mark R. I. Cheng, Robert A. Grant, Saran Shantikumar, Gang Xu, Issaam Oozeerally, Nigel J. Brunskill, Laura J. Gray
Background and Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden and is independently associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Assessment of cardiovascular risk in the general population using prognostic models based on routinely collected risk factors is embedded in clinical practice. In CKD, prognostic models may misrepresent risk due to the interplay of traditional atherosclerotic and non-traditional risk factors. This systematic review's aim was to identify routinely collected risk factors for inclusion in a CKD-specific cardiovascular prognostic model. Design, Setting, Participants and Measurements: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Studies identified from MEDLINE and Embase searches using a pre-defined and registered protocol (PROSPERO ID-2016:CRD42016036187). The main inclusion criteria were individuals ≥18 years of age with non-endstage CKD. Routinely collected risk factors where multi-variable adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors had occurred were extracted. The primary outcome was fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. Results: The review of 3,232, abstracts identified 29 routinely collected risk factors of which 20 were presented in more than 1 cohort. 21 cohorts were identified in relation to 27,465 individuals and 100,838 person-years. In addition to established traditional general population cardiovascular risk factors, left ventricular hypertrophy, serum albumin, phosphate, urate and hemoglobin were all found to be statistically significant in their association with future cardiovascular events. Conclusions: These non-traditional risk factors should be assessed in the development of future cardiovascular prognostic models for use in individuals with CKD.

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Citation

PLoS ONE, 2018, 13 (3), e0192895

Author affiliation

/Organisation/COLLEGE OF LIFE SCIENCES/School of Medicine/Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation

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  • VoR (Version of Record)

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PLoS ONE

Publisher

Public Library of Science

eissn

1932-6203

Acceptance date

2018-01-07

Copyright date

2018

Available date

2018-04-23

Publisher version

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0192895

Language

en

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