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Discovery of a Low-redshift Hot Dust-obscured Galaxy

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posted on 2024-03-01, 15:11 authored by G Li, CW Tsai, D Stern, J Wu, RJ Assef, AW Blain, T Díaz-Santos, PRM Eisenhardt, RL Griffith, TH Jarrett, HD Jun, SE Lake, ML Saade

We report the discovery of the hyperluminous, highly obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) WISE J190445.04+485308.9 (W1904+4853, hereafter, L bol ∼ 1.1 × 1013 L ⊙) at z = 0.415. Its well-sampled spectral energy distribution (SED) is dominated by infrared dust emission, though broad emission lines are detected in the optical spectra. These features suggest that W1904+4853 contains an actively accreting supermassive black hole hidden in its dusty cocoon, resembling the observed properties of hot dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs), a population previously only identified at z > 1.0. Using the broad component of the Mg ii 2798 Å emission line, we estimate a black hole mass of log ( M BH / M ⊙ ) = 8.4 ± 0.4 . The corresponding Eddington ratio (η) of 1.4 − 0.7 + 1.3 implies that the central black hole accretion is at the theoretical limit of isotropic accretion. The rest-frame UV-optical SED also indicates that the host galaxy of W1904+4853 harbors strong star formation activity at the rate of 6-84 M ⊙ yr−1 with an independent estimate of star formation rate up to ∼45 M ⊙ yr−1 using the [O ii] emission line. With an estimated stellar mass of 3 × 1010 M ⊙, the host galaxy appears to be a starburst system with respect to the main sequence of the star-forming galaxies at the same redshift. Although blueshifted and asymmetric [O iii] emission provides evidence of an outflow, we estimate it to be an order of magnitude smaller than the star formation rate, indicating that the current obscured AGN activity at the center has not yet produced significant feedback on the host galaxy star formation activity. W1904+4853 supports the interpretation that Hot DOGs are a rare transitional phase of AGN accretion in galaxy evolution, a phase that can persist into the present-day Universe.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11973051, 11673029)

International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, program No. 114A11KYSB20210010

FONDECYT grant Nos. 1191124 and 1231718

Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (Nos. 2020R1A2C3011091, 2021M3F7A1084525, 2022R1C1C2013543

NSFC grant No. U1931110

Chinese Academy of Sciences Presidents International Fellowship Initiative (No. 2019PM0017)

History

Citation

Guodong Li et al 2023 ApJ 958 162

Author affiliation

Physics & Astronomy

Version

  • VoR (Version of Record)

Published in

Astrophysical Journal

Volume

958

Issue

2

Publisher

American Astronomical Society

issn

0004-637X

eissn

1538-4357

Acceptance date

2023-06-26

Copyright date

2023

Available date

2024-03-01

Language

en

Deposited by

Professor Andrew Blain

Deposit date

2024-02-12

Rights Retention Statement

  • No

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