Dupilumab in type 2 airway inflammation-a step forward in targeted therapy for COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent symptoms and airflow limitation due to a combination of small airway obliteration and alveolar destruction.1 Underpinning its diverse nature and phenotypic heterogeneity is a complex interplay of genetics, lung development, dysanapsis, and environmental exposures, in particular cigarette smoking, over time.1 The adoption of precision medicine in fields such as asthma has spurred efforts in phenotyping and endotyping COPD to guide management.