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Following the Science? Comparison of methodological and reporting quality of covid-19 and other research from the first wave of the pandemic

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Version 2 2022-05-13, 10:42
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posted on 2022-05-13, 10:42 authored by Terence Quinn, Jennifer Burton, Ben Carter, Nicola Cooper, Kerry Dwan, Ryan Field, Suzanne Freeman, Claudia Geue, Ping-Hsuan Hsieh, Kris McGill, Clareece Nevill, Dikshyanta Rana, Alex Sutton, Martin Taylor Rowan, Yiqiao Xin
Background: Following the initial identification of the 2019 coronavirus disease (covid-19), the subsequent months saw substantial increases in published biomedical research. Concerns have been raised in both scientific and lay press around the quality of some of this research. We assessed clinical research from major clinical journals, comparing methodological and reporting quality of covid-19 papers published in the first wave (here defined as December 2019 to May 2020 inclusive) of the viral pandemic with non-covid papers published at the same time. Methods: We reviewed research publications (print and online) from The BMJ, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), The Lancet, and New England Journal of Medicine, from first publication of a covid-19 research paper (February 2020) to May 2020 inclusive. Paired reviewers were randomly allocated to extract data on methodological quality (risk of bias) and reporting quality (adherence to reporting guidance) from each paper using validated assessment tools. A random 10% of papers were assessed by a third, independent rater. Overall methodological quality for each paper was rated high, low or unclear. Reporting quality was described as percentage of total items reported. Results: From 168 research papers, 165 were eligible, including 54 (33%) papers with a covid-19 focus. For methodological quality, 18 (33%) covid-19 papers and 83 (73%) non-covid papers were rated as low risk of bias, OR 6.32 (95%CI 2.85 to 14.00). The difference in quality was maintained after adjusting for publication date, results, funding, study design, journal and raters (OR 6.09 (95%CI 2.09 to 17.72)). For reporting quality, adherence to reporting guidelines was poorer for covid-19 papers, mean percentage of total items reported 72% (95%CI:66 to 77) for covid-19 papers and 84% (95%CI:81 to 87) for non-covid. Conclusions: Across various measures, we have demonstrated that covid-19 research from the first wave of the pandemic was potentially of lower quality than contemporaneous non-covid research. While some differences may be an inevitable consequence of conducting research during a viral pandemic, poor reporting should not be accepted.

History

Citation

BMC Med 19, 46 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-01920-x

Author affiliation

Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester

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  • VoR (Version of Record)

Published in

BMC Medicine

Volume

19

Issue

46

Publisher

BioMed Central

issn

1741-7015

eissn

1741-7015

Acceptance date

2021-01-19

Copyright date

2021

Available date

2021-04-14

Notes

Correction to: BMC Medicine 19, 46 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-01920-x The original article [1] contained an affiliation error for co-author, Dikshyanta Rana which has since been corrected. Quin, T.J., Burton, J.K., Carter, B. et al. Correction to: Following the science? Comparison of methodological and reporting quality of covid-19 and other research from the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Med 19, 207 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02073-7

Spatial coverage

England

Language

English

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