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Heart failure and trimethylamine N-oxide: time to transform a ‘gut feeling’ in a fact?

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journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-21, 14:53 authored by G Crisci, MZ Israr, A Cittadini, E Bossone, T Suzuki, A Salzano

In the last few years, in the context of a growing interest in investigating novel pathways involved in heart failure (HF) pathophysiology, the association between the gastrointestinal (GI) system and HF represents an important model of attention, the so called ‘gut hypothesis’.Despite being classically identified as a ‘simple’ intestinal dysfunction, the main hypothesis is currently focused on the role of inflammation and oxidative stress as a consequence of the intestinal wall ischaemia and/or congestion induced by HF, determining a gut barrier dysfunction and resulting in an increased gut bacterial translocation.With this in mind, two main mechanisms have been proposed to link gut dysfunction and HF; (i) metabolism dependent, via gut-derived metabolites entering the systemic circulation and exerting pro-atherogenic effects and pro-inflammatory effects and (ii) metabolism independent, via bacterial components (e.g. lipopolysaccharides and endotoxins) translocating in the systemic circulation and contributing to the systemic inflammatory state with its well-known negative effects on HF. 

History

Citation

Crisci, G., Israr, M. Z., Cittadini, A., Bossone, E., Suzuki, T., and Salzano, A. (2023) Heart failure and trimethylamine N-oxide: time to transform a ‘gut feeling’ in a fact?. ESC Heart Failure, 10: 1– 7. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.14205.

Author affiliation

Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre

Version

  • VoR (Version of Record)

Published in

ESC Heart Failure

Volume

10

Issue

1

Pagination

1-7

Publisher

Wiley

issn

2055-5822

eissn

2055-5822

Acceptance date

2022-09-29

Copyright date

2022

Available date

2023-06-21

Language

en

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