Long term health outcomes in people with diabetes 12 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK: a prospective cohort study
journal contribution
posted on 2025-03-07, 10:06 authored by Safoora GharibzadehSafoora Gharibzadeh, Ash RoutenAsh Routen, Cameron RaziehCameron Razieh, Francesco ZaccardiFrancesco Zaccardi, Claire LawsonClaire Lawson, Clare Gillies, Simon Heller, Melanie Davies, Helen Atkins, Stephen C Bain, Nazir L Lone, Krisnah Poinasamy, Tunde Peto, Elizabeth Robertson, Bob Young, Desmond Johnston, Jennifer Quint, Jonathan Valabhji, Khalida Ismail, Michael Marks, Alex Horsley, Annemarie Docherty, Ewen Harrison, James Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Betty Raman, Christopher BrightlingChristopher Brightling, Omer Elneima, Rachael EvansRachael Evans, Neil GreeningNeil Greening, Victoria C Harris, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Marco Sereno, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha SingapuriAmisha Singapuri, Louise WainLouise Wain, Claudia Langenberg, John Dennis, John Petrie, Naveed Sattar, Olivia Leavy, Mattew Richardson, Ruth SaundersRuth Saunders, Anne McArdle, Hamish McASuley, Thomas YatesThomas Yates, Kamlesh KhuntiKamlesh Khunti, CE Brightling, RA Evans, LV Wain, JD Chalmers, VC Harris, LP Ho, A Horsley, M Marks, K Poinasamy, B Raman, A Shikotra, A Singapuri, R Dowling, C Edwardson, O Elneima, S Finney, NJ Greening, B Hargadon, L Houchen--Wolloff, OC Leavy, HJC McAuley, C Overton, T Plekhanova, RM Saunders, M Sereno, C Taylor, S Terry, C Tong, B Zhao, D Lomas, E Sapey, C Berry, CE Bolton, N Brunskill, ER Chilvers, R Djukanovic, Y Ellis, D Forton, N French, J George, NA Hanley, N Hart, L McGarvey, N Maskell, H McShane, M Parkes, D Peckham, P Pfeffer, A Sayer, A Sheikh, AAR Thompson, N Williams, W Greenhalf, MG Semple, M Ashworth, HE Hardwick, L Lavelle-Langham, W Reynolds, V Shaw, B Venson, AB Docherty, EM Harrison, JK Baillie, L Daines, R Free, S Kerr, NI Lone, D Lozano-Rojas, K Ntotsis, R Pius, J Quint, M Richardson, M Thorpe, M Halling-Brown, F Gleeson, J Jacob, S Neubauer, S Siddiqui, JM Wild, S Aslani, G Baxter, M Beggs, C Bloomfield, MP Cassar, A Chiribiri, E Cox, DJ Cuthbertson, VM Ferreira, L Finnigan, S Francis, P Jezzard, GJ Kemp, H Lamlum, E Lukaschuk, C Manisty, GP McCann, C McCracken, K McGlynn, R Menke, CA Miller, AJ Moss, TE Nichols, C Nikolaidou, C O'Brien, G Ogbole, B Rangelov, DP O'Regan, A Pakzad, S Piechnik, S Plein, I Propescu, AA Samat, L Saunders, ZB Sanders, R Steeds, T Treibel, EM Tunnicliffe, M Webster, J Willoughby, J Weir McCall, C Xie, M Xu, H Baxendale, M Brown, B Gooptu, RG Jenkins, D Jones, I Koychev, C Langenberg, A Lawrie, PL Molyneaux, J Pearl, M Ralser, N Sattar, JT Scott, T Shaw, D Thomas, D Wilkinson, LG Heaney, A De Soyza, D Adeloye, JS Brown, J Busby, C Echevarria, J Hurst, P Novotny, C Nicolaou, I Rudan, M Shankar-Hari, S Walker, B Zheng, JR Geddes, M Hotopf, K Abel, R Ahmed, L Allan, C Armour, D Baguley, D Baldwin, C Ballard, K Bhui, G Breen, K Breeze, M Broome, T Brugha, E Bullmore, D Burn, F Callard, J Cavanagh, T Chalder, D Clark, A David, B Deakin, H Dobson, B Elliott, J Evans, R Francis, E Guthrie, P Harrison, M Henderson, A Hosseini, N Huneke, M Husain, T Jackson, I Jones, T Kabir, P Kitterick, A Korszun, J Kwan, A Lingford-Hughes, P Mansoori, H McAllister-Williams, K McIvor, B Michael, L Milligan, R Morriss, E Mukaetova-Ladinska, K Munro, A Nevado-Holgado, T Nicholson, S Paddick, C Pariante, J Pimm, K Saunders, M Sharpe, G Simons, JP Taylor, R Upthegrove, S Wessely, S Amoils, C Antoniades, A Banerjee, A Bularga, P Chowienczyk, JP Greenwood, AD Hughes, K Khunti, C Lawson, NL Mills, AN Sattar, CL Sudlow, M Toshner, PJM Openshaw, D Altmann, R Batterham, N Bishop, PC Calder, CM Efstathiou, JL Heeney, T Hussell, P Klenerman, F Liew, JM Lord, P Moss, SL Rowland-Jones, W Schwaeble, RS Thwaites, L Turtle, S Walmsley, D Wraith, MJ Rowland, A Rostron, B Connolly, DF McAuley, D Parekh, J Simpson, C Summers, J Porter, RJ Allen, R Aul, S Barratt, P Beirne, J Blaikley, RC Chambers, N Chaudhuri, C Coleman, E Denneny, L Fabbri, PM George, M Gibbons, B Guillen Guio, I Hall, E Hufton, I Jarrold, G Jenkins, S Johnson, MG Jones, S Jones, F Khan, P Mehta, J Mitchell, JE Pearl, K Piper Hanley, P Rivera-Ortega, LC Saunders, D Smith, M Spears, LG Spencer, S Stanel, I Stewart, D Thickett, R Thwaites, S Walsh, DG Wootton, L Wright, S Heller, MJ Davies, H Atkins, S Bain, J Dennis, K Ismail, D Johnston, P Kar, P McArdle, A McGovern, T Peto, J Petrie, E Robertson, K Shah, J Valabhji, B Young, LS Howard, Mark Toshner, Olivia LeavyOlivia Leavy, J Newman, L Price, A Reddy, J Rossdale, C Sudlow, M Wilkins, SJ Singh, WD-C Man, N Armstrong, E Baldry, M Baldwin, N Basu, M Beadsworth, L Bishop, A Briggs, M Buch, G Carson, H Chinoy, C Dawson, E Daynes, S Defres, L Gardiner, P Greenhaff, S Greenwood, M Harvie, L HOuchen-Wolloff, S MacDonald, A McArdle, A McMahon, M McNarry, G Mills, C Nolan, K O'Donnell, Pimm, J Sargent, L Sigfrid, M Steiner, D Stensel, AL Tan, I Vogiatzis, J Whitney, D Wilson, M Witham, T Yates, C Laing, K Bramham, P Chowdhury, A Frankel, L Lightstone, S McAdoo, K McCafferty, M Ostermann, N Selby, C Sharpe, M Willicombe, L Houchen-Wolloff, J Bunker, R Gill, C Hastie, R Nathu, N Rogers, N Smith, A Shaw, L Armstrong, B Hairsine, H Henson, C Kurasz, L Shenton, S Fairbairn, A Dell, N Hawkings, J Haworth, M Hoare, A Lucey, V Lewis, G Mallison, H Nassa, C Pennington, A Price, C Price, A Storrie, G Willis, S Young, K Chong-James, C David, WY James, A Martineau, O Zongo, A Sanderson, V Brown, T Craig, S Drain, B King, N Magee, D McAulay, E Major, J McGinness, R Stone, A Haggar, A Bolger, F Davies, J Lewis, A Lloyd, R Manley, E McIvor, D Menzies, K Roberts, W Saxon, D Southern, C Subbe, V Whitehead, H El-Taweel, J Dawson, L Robinson, D Saralaya, L Brear, K Regan, K Storton, J Fuld, A Bermperi, I Cruz, K Dempsey, A Elmer, H Jones, S Jose, S Marciniak, C Ribeiro, J Taylor, L Watson, J Worsley, R Sabit, L Broad, A Buttress, T Evans, M Haynes, L Jones, L Knibbs, A McQueen, C Oliver, K Paradowski, J Williams, E Harris, C Sampson, C Lynch, E Davies, C Evenden, A Hancock, K Hancock, M ReesBackground: People with diabetes are at increased risk of hospitalisation, morbidity, and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term outcomes for people with diabetes previously hospitalised with COVID-19 are, however, unknown. This study aimed to determine the longer-term physical and mental health effects of COVID-19 in people with and without diabetes. Methods: The PHOSP-COVID study is a multicentre, long-term follow-up study of adults discharged from hospital between 1 February 2020 and 31 March 2021 in the UK following COVID-19, involving detailed assessment at 5 and 12 months after discharge. The association between diabetes status and outcomes were explored using multivariable linear and logistic regressions. Findings: People with diabetes who survived hospital admission with COVID-19 display worse physical outcomes compared to those without diabetes at 5- and 12-month follow-up. People with diabetes displayed higher fatigue (only at 5 months), frailty, lower physical performance, and health-related quality of life and poorer cognitive function. Differences in outcomes between diabetes status groups were largely consistent from 5 to 12-months. In regression models, differences at 5 and 12 months were attenuated after adjustment for BMI and presence of other long-term conditions. Interpretation: People with diabetes reported worse physical outcomes up to 12 months after hospital discharge with COVID-19 compared to those without diabetes. These data support the need to reduce inequalities in long-term physical and mental health effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with diabetes. Funding: UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research. The study was approved by the Leeds West Research Ethics Committee (20/YH/0225) and is registered on the ISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN10980107).
