Non-pharmacological management of chronic kidney disease

Non-pharmacological management of long-term conditions includes components such as diet, physical activity and lifestyle behaviour modification, and plays an integral role in optimal person-centred care for people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, in order for these approaches to be successful, they require active engagement from the individual. Activating and empowering individuals to take an active role in their own health and healthcare is the focus of person-centred care. Identifying and improving an individual's level of activation and ability to effectively self-manage their condition can help to tailor interventions which could lead to better health outcomes and improved quality of life. This article provides an overview of non-pharmacological management strategies and the evidence for their benefits in CKD. It also describes the role of the patient and how adherence to non-pharmacological therapies is underpinned by patient activation and self-management. Finally, the paper discusses interventions aimed at improving patient activation and strategies such as education and support, which have the potential to activate and empower people in their health and make effective use of non-pharmacological interventions.