Securing and maintaining longer-term employment: UK military service leavers’ experiences in the civilian labour market

Transitioning from the military to civilian employment is defined as a successful transition. Whilst recent data highlights a growing number of UK military service leavers securing employment, less attention has been given to the long-term sustainability of this employment and whether it is fulfilling and matches an individual’s aspirations. New data from a mixed methods study of UK veterans who had left the Regular Armed Forces between 2 and 10 years is analysed utilising the systems theory framework. The survey with 534 veterans and 42 interviews with veterans provide rich information on their experiences of transitioning into and through the civilian labour market. The systemic influences on veterans’ opportunities are explored, thereby identifying potential enablers and barriers to longer-term employment. The veterans’ individual, social, and environmental-societal systems were found to influence their employment experiences and outcomes. However, the key to understanding veterans’ experiences and how employers can provide support is based on the interaction between these systems. From an HRM perspective, this support is aimed at helping veterans develop their world of work knowledge and self-concept. Both are key to veterans’ transition to civilian roles in the labour market and would result in improved employment outcomes.