posted on 2016-11-25, 11:09authored byP. A. Evans, J. A. Kennea, D. M. Palmer, M. Bilicki, J. P. Osborne, P. T. O'Brien, N. R. Tanvir, A. Y. Lien, S. D. Barthelmy, D. N. Burrows, S. Campana, S. B. Cenko, V. D'Elia, N. Gehrels, F. E. Marshall, K. L. Page, M. Perri, B. Sbarufatti, M. H. Siegel, G. Tagliaferri, E. Troja
During its first observing run, in late 2015, the advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitationalwave Observatory facility announced three gravitational wave (GW) triggers to electromagnetic follow-up partners. Two of these have since been confirmed as being of astrophysical origin: both are binary black hole mergers at ~500 Mpc; the other trigger was later found not to be astrophysical. In this paper, we report on the Swift follow-up observations of the second and third triggers, including details of 21 X-ray sources detected; none of which can be associated with the GW event. We also consider the challenges that the next GW observing run will bring as the sensitivity and hence typical distance of GW events will increase. We discuss how to effectively use galaxy catalogues to prioritize areas for follow-up, especially in the presence of distance estimates from the GW data. We also consider two galaxy catalogues and suggest that the high completeness at larger distances of the 2MASS Photometric Redshift catalogue makes it very well suited to optimize Swift follow-up observations.
Funding
This work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift
Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester. This publication
makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky
Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts
and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute
of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research
has made use of the XRT Data Analysis Software (XRTDAS) developed
under the responsibility of the ASI Science Data Center
(ASDC), Italy. This research has also made use of the SIMBAD
data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. The GW probability
maps and our related galaxy maps are in HEALPIX format
(Gorski et al. ´ 2005). PAE, JPO and KLP acknowledge UK Space
Agency support. SC and GT acknowledge ASI for support (contract
I/004/11/1). MB is supported by the Netherlands Organisation
for Scientific Research, NWO, through grant number 614.001.451;
through FP7 grant number 279396 from the European Research
Council; and by the Polish National Science Centre under contract
#UMO-2012/07/D/ST9/02785.
History
Citation
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, (October 21, 2016) 462 (2): 1591-1602.
Author affiliation
/Organisation/COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING/Department of Physics and Astronomy
Version
VoR (Version of Record)
Published in
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP), Royal Astronomical Society