posted on 2016-11-23, 17:18authored byC-C. Chen (陳建州), I. Smail, R. J. Ivison, V. Arumugam, O. Almaini, C. J. Conselice, J. E. Geach, W. G. Hartley, C-J. Ma, A. Mortlock, C. Simpson, J. M. Simpson, A. M. Swinbank, I. Aretxaga, Andrew Blain, S. C. Chapman, J. S. Dunlop, D. Farrah, M. Halpern, M. J. Michalowski, P. van der Werf, A. Wilkinson, J. A. Zavala
We present multiwavelength identifications for the counterparts of 1088 submillimeter sources detected at 850 μm in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey study of the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey-Ultra-Deep Survey (UDS) field. By utilizing an Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) pilot study on a subset of our bright SCUBA-2 sample as a training set, along with the deep optical–near-infrared (OIR) data available in this field, we develop a novel technique, Optical–IR Triple Color (OIRTC), using z − K, K − [3.6], [3.6] − [4.5] colors to select the candidate submillimeter galaxy (SMG) counterparts. By combining radio identification and the OIRTC technique, we find counterpart candidates for 80% of the Class = 1 ≥ 4σ SCUBA-2 sample, defined as those that are covered by both radio and OIR imaging and the base sample for our scientific analyses. Based on the ALMA training set, we expect the accuracy of these identifications to be 82% ± 20%, with a completeness of 69% ± 16%, essentially as accurate as the traditional p-value technique but with higher completeness. We find that the fraction of SCUBA-2 sources having candidate counterparts is lower for fainter 850 μm sources, and we argue that for follow-up observations sensitive to SMGs with S850 gsim 1 mJy across the whole ALMA beam, the fraction with multiple counterparts is likely to be >40% for SCUBA-2 sources at S850 gsim 4 mJy. We find that the photometric redshift distribution for the SMGs is well fit by a lognormal distribution, with a median redshift of z = 2.3 ± 0.1. After accounting for the sources without any radio and/or OIRTC counterpart, we estimate the median redshift to be z = 2.6 ± 0.1 for SMGs with S850 > 1 mJy. We also use this new large sample to study the clustering of SMGs and the far-infrared properties of the unidentified submillimeter sources by stacking their Herschel SPIRE far-infrared emission.
Funding
. C.-C.C. and I.R.S. acknowledge
support from the ERC Advanced Investigator program DUSTYGAL
321334. I.R.S. also acknowledges support from a Royal
Society/Wolfson Merit Award and STFC through grant number
ST/L00075X/1. A.M.S. acknowledges financial support from an
STFC Advanced Fellowship (ST/H005234/1) and the Leverhulme
foundation. The James Clerk Maxwell telescope has
historically been operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on
behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the
United Kingdom, the National Research Council of Canada, and
the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. Additional
funds for the construction of SCUBA-2 were provided by the
Canada Foundation for Innovation. This paper makes use of the
following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00090.S.
ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states),
NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada),
NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in
cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA
Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. This
research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core
Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration
et al. 2013). This research has made use of NASA’s Astrophysics
Data System.
History
Citation
Astrophysical Journal, 820:82 (23pp), 2016 April 1
Author affiliation
/Organisation/COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING/Department of Physics and Astronomy